Friday 17 April 2015

Labour's Manifesto for Women & Positive Discrimination: A Necessary Evil

I’m pretty sure everyone in Britain is so utterly fed up with the General Election that no one wants to read yet another opinion piece on yet another campaign trick especially on an international blog attempting to gender otherwise gender-blind headlines. However, this site also seeks to explore specifically gendered headlines when they (once in a blue moon) hit the headlines. This week the ‘women’s vote’ has been the political football of choice for the UK general election candidates. In particular for the Labour Party who announced this week that they were issuing a separate manifesto entitled: Labour’s Manifesto for Women. You can find the full detail of said manifesto here: but for those of you with lives let me summarise. If elected, Labour will do the following ‘for women:’

1. Raise the minimum wage to £8 an hour by 2019 and therefore stop the disproportionate exploitation of women’s labour under the current government.
2.    Reverse cuts to childcare therefore making free childcare available for up to 15-25 hours a week and for primary aged children from 8-6 every weekday.
3.    Double paid paternity leave from 2 to 4 weeks and increase parental leave pay to at least national minimum wage.
4.    More stable funding to rape crisis centres and legal aid for rape victims. As well as a new commissioner to monitor domestic abuse and sexual assault.
5.    Introduce age appropriate sex and relationships education in schools.
6.  Continue using all women shortlists and quotas in Westminister that has already resulted in them having the largest number of women MPs.

Do not get me wrong there are many things wrong with this which I will move onto subsequently but firstly let me highlight why I think this is ultimately a necessary evil, much like other positive discrimination agendas. Ultimately, this manifesto highlights that a Labour led coalition will be better for women than the Conservative alternative that has allowed women to take 85% of the austerity burden. All of these measures are fundamental steps in the right direction. They are in no way the destination but they pave the way for significant progress in the crisis of gender inequality brought about my the current government. Free childcare and better-paid, fairer parental leave will potentially emancipate women from some of their care burdens whilst providing the desperately needed aid and education in the area of sexual politics is also a positive step. Much like their policies detailed under point number six and earlier this year at pink bus gate, this is just another act of positive discrimination that, whilst patronising and somewhat unfair, does try to make women’s voices heard. It is because women’s voices are being heard that issues that unfortunately affect women more than men are, for the first time, being voiced in this election debate. It is no coincidence that Labour is the party with the most women MPs and the only party to have pointed out their deliberately gendered manifesto promises. At the end of the day, in the system we live, whilst it is not right, women and men experience their lives differently and often disproportionately and if positive discrimination is the way to progressive change and in the mean time proper representation this I am all for it. Perhaps it is what some might call a peaceful and gradual revolution that will bring more women into politics, making their issues heard and therefore make progressive changes towards the emancipation from gender roles. In 2010 only 39% of British women between the ages of 18 and 25 voted, the lowest turnout category, therefore anything politicians can do to engage with women who feel their voices are not being heard is great. We are taught to actively disengage with formal politics as it is a ‘man’s world’ and this has the dual damage of reifying the patriarchal nature of politics and ensuring unequal representation of issues. If we do not vote we will be an unrepresented majority and the system will be maintained. Women must vote for representation and equality and this manifesto seeks them out and encourages them to do so.

Now let’s get one thing clear positive discrimination is in no way positive. It shouldn’t be necessary but it is. The reason its necessary is what political parties should really be trying to tackle but in a way this does attempt to do so, in a circular kind of way. My biggest peeve with is that it is not a Manifesto for ‘Women’ because this perpetuates gender roles associated with women being in charge of all childcare and only women being affected by sexual violence and domestic abuse. It should be entitled Labour’s Manifesto for Gender Equality and every party should have to write one and have their manifesto’s checked by the Equality Impact Assessments. This should not be a campaign tactic and a political football but a basic, instrumental part of writing a manifesto. Or a budget (cough cough George Osborne.) The idea that only women care about childcare is at the very root of the problem: institutionalised and patriarchal gender roles that subordinate women’s agency by conflating them to the private sphere are the problem. This is what we should be tackling not emphasising! Equally, sexual abuse and domestic violence affects men too. It is not a women's issue. In fact, gender equality is not a ‘women’s issue’ it is a humanitarian issue that affects all people in their everyday lives and yes, much like everything else, most of the blow is taken on women’s shoulders but everyone should be voting for gender equality. Not just women. One of the policies is about paternity leave: paternity leave FOR FATHERS is not a women’s issue. It is a gender equality issue and this tendency to box off feminism in to ‘women’s issues’ is detrimental to ultimate feminist aims.

Furthermore, this manifesto directed solely at women is patronising and implies that the rest of the manifesto is for men. Equally, much of it is fabricated and tokenistic: raising the minimum wage for everyone should not be considered a ‘women’s issue.’ Rather, taking direct action against those who exploit women’s labour and perpetuate the pay gap by paying part time workers less and discriminating against women should be detailed here. Raising the minimum wage does not tackle that sneaky little 17% pay gap. Also, Labour will continue with austerity and women’s disproportionate burdens will undoubtedly abound here. Teaching sex and relationship education in schools is of course fundamental but here a mention of teaching children about the fundamentality of consent should be included. Overall, there are many holes in all of the above policies and a lot of problems with the root ideas and implications of all positive discrimination of this kind. The problem is not that positive discrimination exists, but that it has to exist. That we live in a world, a country, where in order to employ women or encourage them to vote we have to treat them as incompetent secondary citizens! I like to think that these measures put Labour’s feet in the right direction but whether or not they will have the opportunity to follow through is another issue. For me, any deliberate action taken to ensure women’s voices are heard and their problems accounted for is a good thing.


P.S. If you haven’t registered to vote PLEASE DO. Even if you don’t agree with any of them, spoil your ballot! Tell people you’re unhappy. A non-vote does nothing, a vote, even a spoiled one, could change everything and will make a difference in the closest election we’ve had for years. (but also don’t bother if you’re gonna vote UKIP.)

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